مغربی علمی روایت میں پیغمبر اسلام ﷺ کا تصور: مستشرق جان ایل ایسپوزیٹو کی کتاب Islam: The Straight Pathاور اسلامی تعلیمات کا تقابلی جائزہ
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Orientalist##common.commaListSeparator## Quran##common.commaListSeparator## Seerah##common.commaListSeparator## Character##common.commaListSeparator## Prophet##article.abstract##
Orientalists have written about Islam and the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) in a way that is often illogical. They have consistently attempted to create controversy around Islam and the teachings of the Prophet (PBUH). Initially, their approach was to create doubts among Muslims about their faith, but later they changed their strategy to acknowledge the Prophet (PBUH) as a leader, commander, and successful politician, but not as a prophet or messenger. Most of the objections raised are from people of Jewish and Christian backgrounds, despite these religions being based on revelation. Their views on Islam, the Prophet (PBUH), and revelation are not acceptable to any enlightened society. Human creations are not as enduring as Islam, which remains preserved and relevant today. Despite efforts to erase it, Islam continues to thrive, and the Quran and Hadith remain intact. Many Orientalists have written about the life and character of the Prophet (PBUH), but John L. Esposito, in particular, has expressed a positive view of the Prophet's revelation, life, and character.
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1. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (pp. 12–15).
2. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 5).
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5. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 12).
6. The Qur'an, 33:21 (Al-Ahzab).
7. The Qur'an, 68:4 (Al-Qalam).
8. Muslim, i. K. (n.d.). Sahih Muslim (Hadith No. 309).
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10. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 13).
11. The Qur'an, 33:40 (Al-Ahzab).
12. Al-Tirmidhi, M. i. (n.d.). Sunan al-Tirmidhi (Hadith No. 2219).
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14. The Qur'an, 96:1–5 (Al-Alaq).
15. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 9).
16. The Qur'an, 4:100 (An-Nisa).
17. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 9).
18. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 16).
19. The Qur'an, 5:82 (Al-Ma'idah).
20. Ibn Hisham, A. M. (n.d.). Sirat Nabawiyya [Life of the Prophet]. (Vol. 1, pp. 431–432).
21. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 11).
22. The Qur'an, 12:92 (Yusuf).
23. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 13).
24. The Qur'an, 53:1–3 (An-Najm).
25. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 14).
26. The Qur'an, 23:116 (Al-Mu'minun).
27. The Qur'an, 2:257 (Al-Baqarah).
28. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 14).
29. The Qur'an, 4:74 (An-Nisa).
30. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 63).
31. The Qur'an, 17:1 (Al-Isra).
32. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 15).
33. The Qur'an, 29:64 (Al-Ankabut).
34. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 16).
35. The Qur'an, 2:100 (Al-Baqarah).
36. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 17).
37. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 8).
38. The Qur'an, 2:275 (Al-Baqarah).
39. The Qur'an, 4:2 (An-Nisa).
40. Esposito, J. L. (1998). Islam: The straight path. Oxford University Press. (p. 10).
41. The Qur'an, 49:10 (Al-Hujurat).
42. The Qur'an, 49:13 (Al-Hujurat).
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