المناهج المختلفة في الفتوی في النوازل الفقهیة المعاصرة

Abstract

This research examines the different methodologies adopted in issuing fatwas on contemporary juristic issues that arise due to rapid social, economic, and technological change. It explores how classical principles of Islamic jurisprudence are applied to new and unprecedented situations, commonly referred to as nawāzil fiqhiyyah. The study analyzes major approaches used by contemporary jurists, including strict textual adherence, contextual interpretation, objectives-based reasoning, and collective ijtihad. It highlights the strengths and limitations of each methodology and discusses the balance between legal continuity and necessary flexibility in modern fatwa practice. The research also addresses the role of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, public interest, and changing circumstances in shaping contemporary legal opinions. By comparing these methodologies, the study aims to contribute to a more informed and balanced framework for issuing fatwas that remain faithful to Islamic legal tradition while responding effectively to present-day challenges.