امام محمد الشیبانیؒ کا اسلوبِ تدوین فقہ – کتاب الاصل کے تناظر میں

Imam Muhammad Al-Shaybani,s Methodology of Juristic Compilation in the Light of Kitāb al-Aṣl

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Imam Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybānī (d. 189 AH) occupies a central place in the history of Islamic jurisprudence as one of the foremost codifiers of Ḥanafī fiqh. His seminal work, Kitāb al-Aṣl, represents one of the earliest systematic and comprehensive efforts to compile juristic rulings in a structured manner. In this work, Imam Muhammad begins each chapter with authoritative reports from the Companions and Successors, followed by the legal opinions of his teachers, Imam Abū Ḥanīfah and Imam Abū Yūsuf, while elaborating on subsidiary issues with remarkable depth. He also records the views of contemporary jurists such as Imam Ibn Abī Laylā in cases of disagreement, presenting comparative discussions and providing reasoned preferences.

The significance of Kitāb al-Aṣl lies in its methodological clarity, strength of legal reasoning, comprehensive coverage of issues, and accessible style of expression. It laid the foundation for the continuity and intellectual expansion of Ḥanafī jurisprudence and became a primary reference for later juristic works, including al-Shaybānī’s own al-Mabsūṭ and beyond. In contemporary contexts, its methodological approach continues to serve as a model for the codification of Islamic law, emphasizing systematic arrangement, reliance on transmitted reports, and the exercise of juristic reasoning to address evolving practical issues.