The Comparative Study of Religion and Spirituality Between American and Pakistani Societies

Iqra

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Iqra Presented at University of Hawaii, Honolulu, United States of America. ##default.groups.name.author##

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Religion##common.commaListSeparator## Spirituality##common.commaListSeparator## Interfaith Dialogue##common.commaListSeparator## Secularism

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Religious and spiritual beliefs shape many civilizations' rules, actions, and structures. This comparative research examines religion and spirituality in America and Pakistan. Due to historical, cultural, and socio-political reasons, religion and spirituality in both countries vary in expression, interpretation, and social influence. his research focuses on analyzing and contrasting the spiritual and religious practices observed in Pakistan and the United States. The study follows a qualitative approach, relying on secondary sources such as academic texts, scholarly articles, and published reports for data collection. To gain insight into the theological and spiritual principles shaping both societies, relevant literature concerning their historical developments, rituals, and societal impacts was thoroughly reviewed. In the United States, a growing trend toward secularism and religious diversity is evident, with an increasing number of people identifying as spiritual without adhering to formal religious institutions. On the other hand, Pakistan continues to reflect a strong religious identity, where Islamic beliefs deeply influence cultural norms, individual behavior, and community life. Pakistani society is heavily religious, with Islam influencing daily life, governance, and culture. Religion and spirituality provide moral guidance, community cohesion, and personal identity in both societies. Educational and cultural exchange activities between the two countries should improve interfaith understanding and respect. Interfaith conversation should be studied for its role in promoting peace and tolerance in varied societies.

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