لسانیاتی تناظر میں اردو مارفیمیات: ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ

Abstract

Morphology, or Morphemics, is a crucial branch of linguistics that focuses on the study of the structure of words and how they are formed. A morpheme, which is the smallest meaningful unit in a language, plays a vital role in this field. It can either be free, meaning it stands alone as a word, like "house," or bound, meaning it must be attached to another morpheme, as in the case of "ness" in "kindness." Morphemes are broadly categorized into two types: inflectional and derivational. Inflectional morphemes modify a word to convey grammatical information such as tense, number, or gender without altering its core meaning, whereas derivational morphemes create entirely new words by changing the meaning or grammatical category of the base word, such as turning "happy" into "happiness."

Scholars such as Iqtadar Hussain, Naseer Ahmad, Khalil Ahmad Saddique, A.S Saddique, and Ali Rafad Fathi have contributed significantly to the exploration of morphemic structures and their significance in various languages. Their work has enriched the understanding of how morphemes function in shaping the syntax and semantics of a language. In the context of Urdu, the study of morphology reveals how words are systematically constructed through prefixes, suffixes, and infixes, following principles similar to those found in other languages. Understanding morphemes and their role in word formation not only aids in linguistic analysis but also provides insight into the historical and cultural evolution of language structures. It helps in exploring the dynamic nature of languages and the ongoing development of vocabulary and grammar.