A Research Review of the Differences in the Themes of the Four Gospels
Keywords:
New Testament, Holy Bible, Differences, Discrepancies, Gospels, AuthenticityAbstract
The first four books of the New Testament of the Holy Bible, which Christian nations regard as divinely revealed, are known as the Gospels. These books are named after the four distinct disciples of Jesus Christ (peace be upon him), namely Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. These books were compiled by the disciples of Jesus after his ascension to heaven, with each disciple gathering available information based on their individual knowledge and perspective. The Gospels offer an account of the teachings, commandments, events, and aspects of the life of Jesus (peace be upon him), including his birth, ministry, death, and resurrection. Some of the authors also elaborated on the reasons behind writing these books, aiming to spread the message of Jesus to different communities.
The authors being distinct from each other and writing from different points of view led to differences in the content of these books. Some Gospels are more detailed, while others are more succinct, providing varied narratives of the same events. For example, the Gospel of John presents the life of Jesus in a unique manner compared to the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke). As a result, discrepancies exist between the accounts, particularly concerning the number of verses and chapters, as well as the ordering of events. These variations give rise to questions regarding the consistency and accuracy of the information presented. This paper aims to present some of the disagreements found in the common themes of these books, including the differences in key events, teachings, and perspectives. By understanding these differences, it may be easier to critically analyze the authenticity of the Gospels and form an informed judgment.
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References
1) Manley, G. T. (2017). Our Sacred Scriptures. Christian Publishing House.
2) Khairullah, F. S., & Paderi. (2016). The Dictionary of the Holy Bible Vocabulary. Christian Book House.
3) Luke, 1:1–3.
4) Matthew, 1:1.
5) Luke, 3:23.
6) Matthew, 1:6.
7) Luke, 3:31.
8) Matthew, 1:1–16.
9) Luke, 3:23–38.
10) Matthew, 4:3.
11) Luke, 4:3.
12) Matthew, 4:4–7.
13) Matthew, 3:16–17; Mark, 1:10–11.
14) Mark, 1:13.
15) Matthew, 4:14.
16) John, 1:21.
17) Luke, 6:16.
18) Matthew, 10:4.
19) Mark, 3:18.
20) John, 13:26.
21) Matthew, 26:21–25.
22) John, 13:26.
23) Matthew, 26:49.
24) John, 18:5.
25) Matthew, 15:25.
26) John, 19:14–17.
27) Matthew, 27:37; Mark, 15:21; Luke, 23:26.
28) John, 19:17.
29) Matthew, 27:44.
30) Luke, 23:39.
31) Matthew, 27:59.
32) Luke, 23:53.
33) John, 20:12.
34) Luke, 24:4.
35) Mark, 16:5.
36) Matthew, 28:2.
37) Mark, 16:9.
38) John, 20:14.
39) John, 20:1–20.
40) Luke, 24:4–6.
41) Luke, 24:13.
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