انضباطِ مبہم و امتیازِ مشکل: اصولِ تخریجِ احکام کا ایک کیفیت و اصولی مطالعہ روشنی میں
Regulation of Ambiguity and Differentiation of Complexity: A Qualitative and Principled Study of the Methodology of Legal Derivation
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Legal ambiguity##common.commaListSeparator## Ambiguity regulation##common.commaListSeparator## Distinction of complex cases##common.commaListSeparator## Social custom##common.commaListSeparator## Operational definitions##common.commaListSeparator## Theft##article.abstract##
This study presents a qualitative and usulī analysis of the principles of “Ambiguity Regulation” (Inzibat al-Mubham) and “Distinction of Complex Cases” (Imtiyaz al-Mushkil) in Islamic jurisprudence. These principles guide the extraction and application of rulings from Sharīʿah texts when the wording of the text is general, ambiguous, or potentially applicable to multiple scenarios. Often, a term or title (e.g., Sariq - thief) is mentioned without specifying conditions, thresholds, or contexts, requiring jurists to identify essential distinctions, conditions, and operational definitions. The study demonstrates that methods such as classification of types, attention to specific characteristics, reference to social custom (ʿurf), and differentiation through apparent or dominant forms, are essential for precise legal derivation. Examples from theft (sariqah), extravagance (taʿayyush), and marriage versus illicit sexual relations illustrate these methodologies. The findings underscore that jurisprudential precision involves not only textual interpretation but also the integration of context, purpose, customary practices, and practical indicators, ensuring that rulings are both doctrinally sound and socially implementable. This framework highlights the practical and systematic nature of usul al-takhreej and its critical role in harmonizing textual guidance with real-world applicability.
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